What are firmographics?
Firmographics are the company-level attributes of a buyer's organisation: industry, size, revenue band, region, and segment. They describe the account rather than the person, and they are the oldest and coarsest form of targeting data in B2B.
Company-level
Industry, size, region, segment.
Necessary, not sufficient
Tells you which account. Never why they are evaluating, or whether now is the moment.
Pairs with personographics
The company and the person are different questions, and you need both.
Most intent tooling stops at firmographics, then infers interest from clicks. That produces a fit score, not an understanding. Firmographics remain useful for routing and prioritisation, but on their own they cannot separate a buyer who is seriously evaluating from one who read a blog post.
Two buyers with identical firmographics are at opposite ends of an evaluation. The match tells you the account qualifies; it tells you nothing about which of them is three weeks from a decision.